## Overview The **Polish Air Force** (Siły Powietrzne Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej) is the aerial warfare branch of the Polish Armed Forces, responsible for defending Polish airspace, supporting ground operations, and participating in multinational missions. It plays a crucial role in national defense, disaster response, and international cooperation, reflecting Poland’s integration with NATO and its commitment to global security. ## History The Polish Air Force traces its origins to the aftermath of World War I, when Poland regained independence in 1918 and quickly established its own military aviation units[1]. Initially, it relied on captured German and Austrian aircraft, but by the early 1920s, it began developing indigenous capabilities and infrastructure[1][7]. The interwar period saw rapid expansion, including participation in the Polish-Soviet War (1919–1921), where air power proved crucial despite limited resources[7]. During World War II, the Polish Air Force fought bravely but was overwhelmed by superior German forces in 1939[3]. Many pilots and personnel escaped to France and then to Britain, where they formed the famous Polish squadrons within the Royal Air Force (RAF), notably the 303 Squadron, which became one of the highest-scoring units in the Battle of Britain[3][6]. Their expertise and combat experience were instrumental in Allied victories[3]. After the war, Poland fell under Soviet influence, and the Air Force was reorganized under communist control, with limited autonomy and reliance on Soviet equipment and doctrine[5]. The collapse of communism in 1989 marked a new era, with Poland joining NATO in 1999 and beginning a comprehensive modernization of its air force[3]. ## Key Achievements - **Battle of Britain (1940):** Polish pilots, flying with the RAF, achieved remarkable success, with the 303 Squadron credited with the highest number of kills among Allied squadrons[6]. - **Cold War Er